2024/2/1/ · Compost can also impair plant growth and fertilization due to high amounts of conductive ions, including nitrate ion (NO 3 −), calcium ion (Ca 2+) and magnesium ion (Mg 2+) (Lee et al., 2021). Similarly, cocopeat may experience low fertility and poor soil drainage, leading to an unsuitable soil reaction with the nutrients acquired for plant growth ( Raju et al., 2023 ).